Electrical heater and manner of manufacturing same in the form of textiles.



M. HBFTER. ELECTRICAL HEATER AND MANNBR OF MANUFACTURING SAME IN THEFORM OF TEXTILES. APPLICATION FILED IEB. 1, 1910.

975,358. Patented Nov. 8, 1910.

warren STATES PATENT curios.

MICHEL HEFTER, OF ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA, ASSIGNOR T0 LEONARD J. LEWERYOF NEW YORK, N; Y

ELECTRICAL HEATER AND MANNER OF MANUFACTURING TEXTILES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

SAME IN THE roam or Application filed February 1, 1910; Serial No.541,399.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHEL Hnr'rnn, engineer, subject of the Czar ofRussia, residing at St. Petersburg, Russia, have invent-,

ed certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Heaters and Mannerof Manufact-uring Same in the Form of Textiles; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to electrical heaters and to a method ofmanufacturing the same in the form of a textile fabric from which can beproduced articles of various kinds.

The invention is especially valuable for medical and other purposeswhere it is desirable to be able to apply a gentle heat to a particularspot, as to some portion of' the body.

Among the uses to which the invention may be put is the manufacture ofwarming bandages, compresses, knee caps, sheets and blankets, and thelike. The use of such textiles is not necessarily limited to medicalpurposes and they may with equal advantage be used for every daypurposes in the shape of different kinds of warmers, tapestry carpets,pillows and the like.

Generally speaking, various warming bodies in the form of textiles havebeen suggested prior to thisinvention, and have been made the sub'ect ofLetters-Patent in various states. T e present invention, however,differs from those hitherto known or described, and its main feature is'that a conducting wire, for instance, a nickel wire, which may beuncovered, takes the place of some of the threads of the warp, or isplaced next to some of them, such wires being periodically brought tothe surface of the fabric and floated over parts of the fabric.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 shows a diagram of thearrangement of the conductors in the finished fabric. Figs. 2 and 3 arerespectively a plan view and a cross section of the finished fabric.Fig. 4-

In the first place the warp is prepared out of threads of a fire proofand non-conducting material preferably from asbestos. During the weavingof the warp some of the threads of the latter, for Instance every eighththread is replaced by a fine wire which may be formed of nickel and theweaving continued, asbestos threads bein employed also for the threadsof the woo and the woven article at this stage of the weaving processhas the appearance, represented by Fig. 4 of the drawings, where a showsthe asbestos thread of the warp; b the wires, and c the asbestos threadsof the woof. Having woven, in the above described manner, a certain partof the fabric, say, one foot length, the wires are then slightly liftedand floated over the fabric,

the weaving continued without the wires taking part in the weavingprocess for some time, after which the wires are again woven into thefabric, as first described. Having repeated the above procedure severaltimes a long piece of fabric (Fig. 5) is obtained having several rows ofexposed wire, placed at a certain distance from each other. This longpiece of fabric is then cut across in several places, as indicated bythe dotted line; and thus, several separate pieces of this fabric areobtained, eachhavin several parallel wire rows with their en s freelyprojecting out of the fabric. These projecting ends of the wires maythen be connected in whichever manner it may be desired, in series, orparallel connections, or in any desired groups; and in, whichever mannerthe wires are connected, some of them may, if required, not be includedin the circuit. Out of the longpiece of fabric prepared according to theabove described process may then be cut off a piece of any width and ofsuch length, as to have the section taken from that ortion of the fabricwhere the wires were ifted during the weaving process, as mentionedabove, and where, consequently, the wires are exposed; and thus, out ofone long piece of fabric prepared according to this invention maybeobtained textile electrical heating bodies of any de- Pateilted Nov. 8,1910.

sired size and for any desired heating power 'without having to alterthe thickness of the wires or their distribution in the fabric. A moreuniform fabric may also be obtained f an asbestos or other fibrousthread or threads accompany the wire every time the latter is introducedin the warp, as shown in Fig. 6. In the latter instance the projectingof the ends of the wires is obtained by lifting the wires only, whilethe asbestos thread accompanying the wire is allowed to continue to takepart in the weaving process. The finished pieces d (Fig. 3) of thefabric are then inclosed in an insulatin wrapper e of a fire proofmaterial, prefera ly of asbestos, and this wrapper may then be placed ina waterproof cover and thus be made to serve as a compress, if desired.

Having, thus, described and ascertained the nature of my said inventionand the manner in which the same is to be carried out, what I claim isi 1. An electric heater consisting of woven filaments, the major part ofthe filaments being of non-conducting material while the balance areconductors of electricity adapted to be heated by the passage of anelectric current along them, such conducting filaments beingperiodically brought to the surface of the fabric and floated over partsthereof. 1

2. An electrical heater comprising a woven fabric in which certain ofthe warp filaments are formed of conducting material, such filamentsbeing brought to the surface of the fabric at intervals and floated overparts thereof.

3. An electric heater consisting of a woven fabric, certain of the warpfilaments of which are conductors of electricity, such conductingfilaments being periodically brought to the surface of the fabric andfloated over parts thereof, and such floated over portions of theseveral conducting filaments being in the same transverse sections ofthe fabrlc.

4. An electric heater consisting of a textile fabric, certain of thewarp filaments of which are formed of wire, such wires be-.

ing periodically brought to the surface of the fabric and floated overparts thereof, and each wire being accompanied by a warp thread orfilament of non-conducting material, such accompanying thread" beingwoven into the fabric continuously.

The herein described process of making an electric heater consisting inweaving a fabric out of non-conducting threads and introducing into suchfabric by the Weaving process as part of the warp, conducting wires, andperiodically floating over the fabric said conducting wires.

6. The herein described process of making an electric heater'whichconsists in weaving a fabric of non-conducting threads and conductingfilaments, the conducting filaments being each accompanied by anon-conducting warp thread, eriodically floating over the surface of theabric the conducting filaments and continuously weaving the warp threadsthat accompany the said conducting filaments.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

MICHEL HEFTER. Witnesses:

H. A. LOVIAGUINE, M. L. LUISARENKO.

